Category: Processing


cow dung powder making machine

May 5, 2023

Agriculture, Animal Farm, Animal manure management, BB fertilizer production, Bentonite Pellets Making Mahcine, Cow dung as fertilizer, Cow dung fertilizer making machine, Dispose of animal manure, Double Roller Granulator, Dry fertilizer pellet mking machine, Earthworms, Etc, Enterpreneurship, Fertilizer, fertilizer coater, fertilizer coating machine, Fertilizer Drying Machine, fertilizer equipment, Fertilizer Factory, Fertilizer Granulating Machine, fertilizer granulator, fertilizer making, fertilizer making machine, Fertilizer Plant, fertilizer processing, fertillizer production line, Fiber, Financing, Food, Fuels, Fun, Governanace & Policy, granular compound fertilizer production equipment, Granulating Machine For Fertilizer, Growing, Health, Life Long Learning, machine for coating fertilizer pellets, making bio fertilizer, making organic fertilizer, manure recycling, Manure separator, Nature, NPK compound fertilizer production line, organic fertilizer granulator, Organic fertilizer making line, Organic fertilizer manufacturing, organic fertilizer manufacturing process, Organic Fertilizer Producing, Organic Fertilizer Production, Organic Fertilizer Production Line, organic fertilizer production machine, Organic Fertilizer Wet Granulating, Organic Waste Compost, Pelletizer Used For Bentonite, Polar Sam, poultry manure pelletizer, powdery organic fertilizer making, Process, Processing, Project Solutions, Recreation, Recycling, Safety Nets, Sequestrattion, Shared Stuff, Solid Waste, Storage, Technology, Time & Money, Transit, Trransporation

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Cow dung powder making machines are a relatively new innovation that has been developed to make the process of converting cow dung into usable fertilizer much easier and more efficient. This machine is a vital tool for farmers and gardeners who are looking for a cost-effective and environmentally-friendly way to enrich their soil and improve the quality of their crops.

powder fertilizer production line site

powder fertilizer production line site

Cow dung, which is also known as cow manure, is a natural by-product of the cattle industry. It is a rich source of nutrients and organic matter that can be used to improve soil health and promote plant growth. However, cow dung is typically quite difficult to handle and process, as it is often wet and contains a high percentage of water.

The cow dung powder making machine is designed to overcome these challenges by drying and pulverizing the cow dung into a fine powder that can be easily stored, transported, and applied to crops. The machine consists of several components, including a drying system, a pulverizing system, and a screening system.

The first step in the process is to dry the cow dung. This is typically done by exposing the dung to heat in a drying chamber. The temperature and humidity inside the chamber are carefully controlled to ensure that the dung is dried thoroughly but does not become too hot or brittle.

Once the dung is dry, it is pulverized using a machine called a pulverizer. This machine uses a series of blades or hammers to break the dried dung into small particles. The particles are then screened to remove any large or uneven pieces, leaving behind a fine powder that is ready to be used as fertilizer.

The cow dung powder making machine offers several advantages over traditional methods of processing cow dung. For one, it is much faster and more efficient, allowing farmers to process large quantities of dung in a relatively short amount of time. Additionally, the machine is much more hygienic than traditional methods, as it reduces the risk of contamination from pathogens and other harmful microorganisms that can be present in wet cow dung.

powder fertilizer production line site

powder fertilizer production line site

Another benefit of the cow dung powder making machine is that it produces a high-quality fertilizer that is rich in nutrients and organic matter. This fertilizer can be used to improve soil health and promote plant growth, leading to higher crop yields and better-quality produce.

In conclusion, the cow dung powder making machine is a valuable tool for farmers and gardeners who are looking for a cost-effective and environmentally-friendly way to improve their soil and promote plant growth. With its fast and efficient processing capabilities, high-quality output, and hygienic operation, this machine is a must-have for anyone who wants to maximize their agricultural productivity while minimizing their impact on the environment.

You can check this page for more about !

https://www.manuremanagementplan.com/powder-fertilizer-production-line-for-goat-manure-disposal/

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poultry manure drying machine

April 29, 2023

Agriculture, Animal Farm, Animal manure management, bio fertilizer production line, bio fertilizer production project, Biotech, Bulk blending fertilizer making, Business Manufaturer, Business Supplier, Car Share, Carbon, chemical fertilizer making, chicken compost, chicken manure composting, Community Design, Complex fertilizer manufacturing system, Compost Equipment, compost fertilizer production, Compost Technology, Composting, Compound fertilizer making equipment, Compound fertilizer making line, compound fertilizer manufacturing, Cow dung as fertilizer, Cow dung fertilizer making machine, Dispose of animal manure, Double Roller Granulator, Dry fertilizer pellet mking machine, Earthworms, Etc, Energy, Enterpreneurship, Fertilizer, fertilizer coater, fertilizer coating machine, Fertilizer Drying Machine, fertilizer equipment, Fertilizer Factory, Fertilizer Granulating Machine, fertilizer granulator, fertilizer making, fertilizer making machine, Fertilizer Plant, fertilizer processing, fertillizer production line, Fiber, Financing, Fun, Governanace & Policy, granular compound fertilizer production equipment, Granulating Machine For Fertilizer, Growing, Health, Healthing & Health, Housing, making bio fertilizer, making organic fertilizer, manure recycling, Manure separator, Nature, NPK fertilizer pelletizer, NPK fertilizer plant, NPK fertilizer production line, organic fertilizer granulator, Organic fertilizer making line, Organic fertilizer manufacturing, organic fertilizer manufacturing process, Organic Fertilizer Producing, Organic Fertilizer Production, Organic Fertilizer Production Line, organic fertilizer production machine, Organic Fertilizer Wet Granulating, Organic Waste Compost, Pedestrain, Pelletizer Used For Bentonite, Polar Sam, poultry manure pelletizer, powdery organic fertilizer making, Process, Processing, Project Solutions, Recreation, Recycling, Safety Nets, Sequestrattion, Share Your Vision, Shared Stuff, Solid Waste, Time & Money

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Poultry manure drying machine is a type of equipment used for drying poultry manure, which is one of the most commonly used organic fertilizers in agriculture. Poultry manure contains a lot of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other trace elements, which can provide nutrients for crops and improve soil fertility. However, the moisture content of fresh poultry manure is high, which can easily cause environmental pollution and reduce the fertilizer efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to dry the poultry manure before use.

Poultry manure drying machine can effectively solve the problem of poultry manure drying. The machine is designed with a special structure, which can quickly and efficiently remove the moisture in the manure and make it into a dry and granular form, which is easy to store and transport. The poultry manure drying machine has many advantages, including high efficiency, low energy consumption, and environmental protection.

The poultry manure drying machine has a unique design that allows it to dry the poultry manure quickly and evenly. The machine is equipped with a high-speed rotating drum, which can continuously stir the manure and break it up into small particles. At the same time, hot air is blown into the drum to evaporate the moisture in the manure. The machine also has a temperature control system, which can automatically adjust the temperature of the hot air to ensure that the manure is dried at the appropriate temperature.

The poultry manure drying machine has a high efficiency in drying poultry manure. Compared with traditional drying methods, such as sun drying and air drying, the poultry manure drying machine can significantly reduce the drying time and improve the drying efficiency. The machine can dry the poultry manure to a moisture content of less than 15%, which meets the requirements of most fertilizer production processes.

The poultry manure drying machine is also energy-efficient. The machine uses a special heat source, such as biomass or natural gas, to provide the heat energy needed for drying. Compared with traditional drying methods that rely on sunlight or electric heating, the poultry manure drying machine can save a lot of energy and reduce the cost of production. At the same time, the machine has a low emission of pollutants and does not produce harmful gases, which can effectively protect the environment.

In addition, the poultry manure drying machine has a wide range of applications. In addition to drying poultry manure, the machine can also be used to dry other organic materials, such as cow dung, pig manure, and sewage sludge. The dried materials can be used as organic fertilizers, fuel, or feed.

In conclusion, the poultry manure drying machine is an essential equipment for modern agriculture. It can effectively solve the problem of poultry manure drying, reduce environmental pollution, and improve fertilizer efficiency. The machine has many advantages, including high efficiency, low energy consumption, and environmental protection. With the development of agriculture, the poultry manure drying machine will play an increasingly important role in promoting sustainable agriculture and protecting the environment.

As a supplier of fertilizer making machine, we offer several hot types of poultry manure drying machines. You can check our website to pick this one you like!

Poultry Manure Drying Machine

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What Machines Do You Need In Organic Fertilizer Making Process?


Making organic fertilizer can be a wonderful idea. There’s plenty of raw material around, waiting for someone to collect it and to turn it into something useful. This raw matter can be cow dung, chicken manure, and any other type of bio waste. As you can imagine, farmers in your neighborhood would be happy to have this waste removed without them lifting a finger. Also, the equipment you need to set up your organic fertilizer production plant is fairly inexpensive. This sets the entry barrier at a low level. Let’s see what which machines you need in this organic fertilizer making process and where you can get them from at affordable cost.

If you want to use compost as raw matter, you’ll need to invest in compost making and grinding equipment. However, keep in mind that making compost yourself requires a relatively large production of organic fertilizer and storage space. Also this process takes a long time, so your production cycles will be long and difficult to coordinate and control. If this is what you want, consider buying a compost turner machine and a crusher for handling fermented material. The main goal is to crush the cake-like fertilizer blocks into a powdery matter.

Groove type composting machine for making organic fertilizer

Compost turning machine for organic fertilizer

Whatever your choice, let’s assume that you do have the raw material ready to be made into organic fertilizer granules, packaged and sold to farmers near you. Here are the steps of the organic fertilizerproduction process and the machines you’ll need to buy to set up your plant.

Animal dung contains a high amount of moisture. The raw material requires dehydration. In order to achieve this, you have to use a solid-liquid separator machine. Following the dehydration process, the resulting matter has about 30% – 40% moisture. This is the right time to turn it into granules. The equipment you’ll need includes a rotary drum drying machine and a rotary drum cooling machine. In fact, these are distinct modules of a full production line, so you may not need to buy them separately. Just make sure that the organic fertilizer making equipment you order includes both these modules. The role of these machines is to remove even more moisture from the animal dung, and therefore prepare it for the next stage of the organic fertilizer making process.

New type granulating machine for organic fertilizer

Organic fertilizer granulating machine for sale

Organic fertilizer needs to be homogeneous, in order to adequately fertilize the crops. You can’t have granules of different sizes, as they may result in a poor development of the plants. In order to make sure your organic fertilizer has granules of the same size, you need to process it with the help of a rotary drum screening machine. Granules that don’t pass will be fed again into the machine, until you get the desired size.

Last but not least, you need to weigh and pack the fertilizer granules, in order to sell them to your clients or to use them on your own crops. You’ll need an organic fertilizer packing scale to pack the fertilizer pellets. More often than not, manufacturers of such equipment sell full production lines, so you won’t have to shop for them separately. Just find a reliable provider and have them install your plant for you.

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Why Do You Need A Fertilizer Crusher For Your Business?


If you have a farming operation where you need excessive amounts of fertilizer, it’s important to have a fertilizer crusher available. This can take your existing fertilizer, and quickly converted it into pellets, which can then be used for current and future farming operations. The crushing machine is used for the grinding process. It can then produce the pellets that will be used. You will need to have access to organic materials, which can subsequently be converted into solid pellets. Here is an overview of why you should consider having a fertilizer crusher for your business.

 

One Of The Benefits Of Having These Machines?

The primary benefit to using these fertilizer blending machines is that they can help you keep up with fertilizer demand. Many businesses have thousands of acres that need to be fertilized annually. There may also be problems with simply using the soil that you currently have. Many crops will deplete large portions of nutrients, including nitrogen which is so vitally important. NPK fertilizer is used worldwide. There can also be problems with salinization and the hardening of the soil. However, when you have access to fertilizer, it can enrich the soil almost instantly, or break down over time once it decomposes. This gives you the ability to keep your soil constantly fertilized ensuring the quality of your crops.

Where Can You Find These Machines For Sale?

You will want to look for an efficient fertilizer crusher from a business that specializes in this industry. They will likely have a rotary drum granulator available, along with a disc or pan granulator, for sale at the same location. Double roller press granulator machines, and also ball shaping machines, are also integral to these industries. Once you have found a company that sells all of these, you will likely find a fertilizer crusher that is also for sale.

How Do These Machines Work?

A fertilizer crusher is simply designed to break down organic fertilizer. It will then shape that fertilizer into balls, and subsequently into pellets so that they can be dried and used for future crops. Organic fertilizer production has increased significantly over the years. You can likely benefit from having more than one of these machines. They are designed to convert hundreds of tons of this material into pellets that can be used or sold at a future date. Your goal is to find one that is large enough to keep up with your production needs, and also provide you with more fertilizer for future crops.

The vertical crusher in fertilizer plant

vertical crushing machine for fertilizer production

 

If you are in the market for a fertilizer crusher, remember to consider how each one functions. The material enters the crushing chamber and is crushed continuously, after entering through the feeding port. The size of the opening, as well as the size of the machine, can actually affect how much you are able to produce. The combination of multilayer blades, and chains within the device, can accelerate the overall production. It is so important to have an ideal fertilizer crusher at your disposal. Start looking for these machines for sale today.

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Consider the Newest Types of Fertilizer Blender for Organic and Compound Fertilizer


Whether you’re interested in producing organic or compound fertilizer, you’ll want to make sure you use the right fertilizer blender. It’s likely that you’ll find new types of fertilizer blender to be the most suitable choices for your needs. If you’re seeking out the best available fertilizer, these are some of the things you’ll want to keep in mind.

 

Focus on Blenders That Are In Line With Your Needs

You’ll want to focus on factors like your production goals and the type of fertilizer you’ll be producing while considering your options. Your primary goal should be to find fertilizer mixers that are an excellent match for what you’re looking for.

It’s likely that you’ll find some exceptional options that aren’t what you’re looking for. By narrowing down your selection, you’ll be able to focus on products that you would be able to work with.

 

Mixing machine for BB fertilizer

New blender for BB fertilizer

 

Set a Reasonable Budget

What are you prepared to spend on a suitable fertilizer blender? If possible, you’ll want to have a price range in mind. When you know what you’re willing to spend, you’ll be able to look at options that fall within that price range. You can find affordable fertilizer blenders at many different price points, and because of that, deciding on a budget ahead of time can be very helpful.

Of course, when you are settling on a budget, you’ll want to make sure that the budget you’ve selected is reasonable. If you’re not sure what you should spend, you may want to start by looking at newer options on the market. Once you have a better sense of what prices are like, you can settle on a budget that makes sense for you.

 

Consider the Pros and Cons

It’s easy to get caught up in all of the benefits you’ll be able to enjoy if you opt to work with a specific fertilizer blender. Although you should certainly look at the advantages of  fertilizer blenders, you should also pay attention to the drawbacks.

You should always be confident that you have the full picture before you make a purchasing decision. Weigh your options and take a close look at what various products have to offer. Try to get a better sense of what it would be like to work with any of the blenders that you’re considering.

The features of SX BB fertilizer mixer

The advantages of BB fertilizer mixing machine

 

Don’t Ignore the Manufacturer

One of the disadvantages of purchasing a product that’s new to the market is that you might not know what to expect. If you’re looking for an indicator of quality, one of the most valuable resources you’ll find is the name of the manufacturer.

Many manufacturers have a long history of producing products like fertilizer blender, such as Shunxin Machinery. If you do decide to buy from a manufacturer like this, it’s likely that you’ll have a positive experience overall. Seek out a manufacturer that has a positive reputation and a strong track record.

 

If you’re looking at a fertilizer blender for organic and compound fertilizer, why not look at some of the newer options on the market? It’s likely that you’ll be impressed by the choices you find.

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Purchasing Machines For Pig Farm Waste Composting


While cow manure is normally used as fertilizer, other sorts of animal waste may also be composted. By way of example, pig waste can certainly make excellent fertilizer, particularly when it’s converted into compost using the right machinery.

If you’re thinking about purchasing machinery designed for this specific purpose, there are a number of things you’ll want to consider. These suggestions will assist you to make smart choices when selecting machines for pig farm waste composting.

Center On Finding The Optimum Vendors To Acquire From

If you wish to make sure that you’re buying high-quality machinery, and you would like to ensure you’re capable of getting that machinery with a fair and reasonable price, you must aim to get the best suited vendors for you to buy these types of products from.

When selecting a vendor, there are several qualities that you’ll want to consider. You’ll want to locate a well-established manufacturer with the excellent reputation. You’ll also want to look for a vendor using a suitable selection to enable you to compare and contrast a number of your different choices.

Pig Manure Compost Turner

Pig Manure Compost Turner

On top of that, you’ll want to make certain that the owner you’re buying from has reasonable prices. If you buy from the vendor which includes great rates, you’ll get what you would like without groing through your finances.

Find A Machine That Meets Your Needs

There are several varieties of machines made to turn pig waste into usable fertilizer. Because of this, you’ll want to think carefully about how precisely you would like to use the machinery that you’re purchasing. It’s important to get high-quality equipment, but it’s also vital to remember that some options will continue to work much better than others will.

Pig Manure Fermentation Tank for Rapid Composting

Pig Manure Fermentation Tank for Rapid Composting

Try to figure out how much compost you intend on producing every day. Just how much pig waste will the machinery be processing? You’ll want to actually ask and answer most of these questions before your purchase. Should you check out the big picture, you’ll be capable of pick a machine that you’ll be able to use without the issues.

Will you be buying machines for pig farm waste composting? If you’re thinking about making a great investment like this, be sure to take every one of these suggestions under consideration. Since this is this kind of large purchase, you’ll want to make sure you’re getting the best possible deal.

Pig Manure Production Line

Pig Manure Production Line

Don’t Ignore Maintenance

Once you’re purchased your machinery, you’ll need to make sure it is constantly run smoothly. You should provide your equipment with regular maintenance. This can include regularly cleaning your machinery and creating periodic visual inspections to help you identify and address any potential issues.

According to the form of equipment you purchase, you may also have to lubricate a few of the small moving parts on your equipment. Regular lubrication helps to reduce friction, which can keep small parts from wearing down. If you fail to lubricate your machinery, you might have to replace so of those parts before long.

More info on pig farm manure composting machines, process, price, technology, go to https://manurefertilizermachine.com/composting-pig-manure/

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Having The Right Price For A Poultry Pellet Machine


If you’re purchasing equipment that can produce poultry pellets, you’ll desire to make sure you’re able to purchase that machinery for the reasonable price. Keep these tips in your mind when you’re shopping for your equipment, and also you should be able to save.

Poultry Farm Manure

Poultry Farm Manure

Look For A Supplier With Fair Prices

What you’ll pay for a poultry manure pellet machine may vary based on the supplier you want to buy that machine from. As a result, you’ll want to aim to discover a supplier that really works to keep their rates reasonable.

When you’re evaluating a vendor’s prices, you’ll want to take sure there is the complete picture. You should think of what freight costs are likely to be, and you ought to determine if you will find some other hidden fees that you’ll need to cover added to that. Where to find a realiable organic fertilizer machine supplier, here we recommend you sx fertilizer production line for poultry manure disposal.

Pan Granulator for Poultry Manure Pelleting

Pan Granulator for Poultry Manure Pelleting

Make Time To Compare Your Options

Should you rush to generate a purchase like this, it’s likely that you’ll find yourself spending a lot more than you need to. In the event you give yourself enough time to compare different products, however, you’ll find some of the finest deals, which will enable you to cut back in your machine overall.

Why poultry manure are avaiable for pellet making? That is because the litter is in rich of organic matters available for fertilizer.

Some equipment may have a reduced list price than additional options. However, that equipment isn’t necessarily going to be the best buy. In the event you compare products against one another, you’ll find machinery that offers that you simply better deal overall.

Have A Look At Operating Costs

It’s important to take into account what you’ll pay as time passes if you want to invest in machinery similar to this. Should you don’t think of these costs in advance, you could be caught off guard by these expenses in the foreseeable future. You must search for equipment on the right price, but you should also seek out equipment that is certainly inexpensive to keep up.

If you wish to find machinery having a low operating cost, just about the most important matters that you can do is search for equipment that is cost effective. If you’re spending less on utilities, you’ll discover that it’s easier for you to keep your equipment running.

Give Attention To Finding Equipment Which Works For You

The amount of poultry pellets are you going to be producing each day? In case a machine doesn’t meet your production requirements, it’s not much of a smart investment, even if that machine carries a suprisingly low price.

You’ll would like to set an affordable budget and think carefully about what you’re comfortable spending, but you’ll should also have a look at what you require from your machinery. When your needs are clearly defined, you can start comparing prices and finding a number of the options that are most affordable for you personally.

It might be challenging to get the right price for any poultry pellet machine, specifically if you don’t know what you must look for. Thankfully, should you keep this advice at heart, you will be able to make the most of cheap deals and obtain the device you want with an excellent rate.

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Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Water Pollution


Taking the water system as a whole, according to the geographical distribution of towns and industrial and mining enterprises along the coast of the water system, as well as the self-purification capacity, pollution capacity and pollution status of the water system, comprehensive prevention and control measures are taken to prevent and control water pollution. It includes various engineering technology means and management measures, which have the characteristics of integrity, comprehensiveness and regionality.
Comprehensive prevention and control of water pollution is a comprehensive application of various measures to prevent and control water pollution. Prevention and control measures involve two types of engineering and non-engineering, mainly:
(1) Reducing the discharge of wastewater and pollutants, including saving production wastewater, stipulating water quota, improving production technology and management system, increasing the reuse rate of wastewater, adopting new technology without pollution or less pollution, and formulating material quota, etc. For water-deficient cities and industrial and mining areas, regional recycling water and wastewater reuse systems should be developed.
(2) Developing regional water pollution prevention and control systems, including formulating urban water pollution prevention and control plans, river basin water pollution prevention and control management plans, implementing the total amount control system of water pollutant discharge, developing sewage after proper manual treatment for irrigation farmland and reuse for industry, establishing sewage reservoirs without polluting groundwater, and low water. Periodic storage of sewage reduces sewage discharge load and conducts controlled dilution during flood period.
(3) Develop wastewater treatment technologies with high efficiency and low energy consumption to treat wastewater.

Meaning

Comprehensive prevention and control of pollution refers to the comprehensive use of various measures to prevent and control water environmental pollution from the whole point of view. It is very necessary to implement comprehensive prevention and control of water pollution, because China is a country with relatively scarce water resources, and there are two manifestations: one is resource-based water shortage, the other is water-quality-based water shortage. For a long time, the purification treatment of sewage outlet based on point source control can not effectively solve the problem of water pollution. Comprehensive prevention and control of water pollution must be carried out from the overall point of view of the region and water system in order to fundamentally control water pollution and solve the problem of water shortage caused by water quality.

Why do this

The necessity and urgency of comprehensive prevention and control of water pollution are embodied in two aspects: first, the contradiction between water resources shortage and unbalanced supply and demand is prominent, and the serious pollution of water environment makes this contradiction more prominent and urgently needs to be solved;

Why is it so urgent?

Secondly, the purification treatment of sewage outlets based on point source control can not effectively solve the problem of water pollution. Comprehensive prevention and control of water pollution must be carried out from the whole region or water system, and the tail control of point source control should be transferred to the source control in order to control water pollution fundamentally.

Principle

The basic principle of sewage prevention and control is the combination of prevention, treatment and management.

Prevention

Through effective control and preventive measures, the amount of pollutants discharged by pollution sources can be reduced to the minimum.
(1) For industrial pollution sources, the most effective control method is to promote cleaner production. Cleaner production refers to the advanced production technology with the smallest utilization of resources and energy and the least pollution emission. The main technical routes adopted in cleaner production include: reforming raw material selection and product design, replacing toxic and harmful raw materials and products with non-toxic and harmless raw materials and products; reforming production process to reduce consumption of raw materials, water and energy; adopting recycling water system to reduce wastewater discharge; and recycling the usefulness of wastewater. Composition, reduce the concentration of wastewater, etc. Cleaner production advocates life cycle analysis and management of products rather than end-treatment.
(2) For domestic pollution sources, effective measures can be taken to reduce their emissions. Such as promoting the use of water-saving appliances, improving people’s awareness of water-saving, reducing water consumption, thereby reducing domestic sewage discharge.
(3) For agricultural pollution sources, in order to effectively control non-point pollution sources, we must start from “prevention”. Promoting scientific fertilization and rational use of pesticides in farmland can greatly reduce the residual fertilizers and pesticides in farmland, thereby reducing the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and pesticides contained in farmland runoff.

Governance

Through various measures to control pollution sources and polluted water bodies, the pollution sources can achieve “standard discharge” and the water environment can achieve the corresponding water quality function.
It is very difficult or almost impossible for pollution sources to achieve zero discharge. Therefore, it is necessary to properly treat polluted (waste) water to ensure that the discharge standards set by the state or local authorities are met before it is discharged into the water body. Great attention should be paid to the relationship between industrial wastewater treatment and municipal wastewater treatment. For industrial wastewater containing acid, alkali, toxic and harmful substances, heavy metals or other special pollutants, local treatment should be carried out in the plant to meet the discharge standards to the water body or the water quality standards to the urban sewer. Those industrial wastewater similar in nature to municipal domestic sewage can be treated together with municipal sewage as a priority. It is not only unnecessary but also uneconomical to set up sewage treatment facilities separately. The design of urban sewage collection system and treatment plant should not only consider the need of water pollution prevention, but also the need to alleviate the contradiction of water resources. In areas where water resources are scarce, the treated municipal wastewater can be reused for agriculture, industry or municipal administration and become stable water resources. In order to meet the needs of wastewater reuse, its collection system and treatment plant should not be too centralized, but should be close to the reuse target.
In addition, according to the characteristics of water pollution, we should actively take physical, chemical, biological engineering and other means to control pollution, so that the deteriorated aquatic ecosystem can be gradually restored.

Management

Strengthen the supervision and management of pollution sources, water bodies and water treatment facilities in order to promote treatment. Pipe also plays an important role in water pollution control. Scientific management includes regular monitoring and inspection of pollution sources, water treatment facilities and sewage treatment plants, and regular monitoring of water environmental quality to provide basis and information for environmental management.

Main methods

Functional zoning of water environment is the basis for comprehensive prevention and control of water pollution
According to the current functions of water environment and the needs of economic and social development, the functional zoning of water environment is based on surface water environmental quality standards, which is the basis of water source protection and water pollution control. For example, the surface water environmental quality standard divides the water area control functions into five categories: Class I is mainly applicable to source water and national nature reserves; Class II is mainly applicable to primary protection areas of centralized drinking water sources, precious fish protection areas, fish and shrimp spawning grounds; Class III is mainly applicable to centralized drinking water sources II. Class IV is mainly suitable for general industrial water use and recreational water areas where human body does not contact directly; Class V is mainly suitable for agricultural water use areas and waters where general landscape requires.

Principles and methods

The principles of division are as follows: priority protection of centralized drinking water source areas; water body should not reduce its current use function, taking into account planning function; water areas with multiple functions should be classified according to the highest function; professional water standard requirements should be considered as a whole; consideration should be given to each other between upstream and downstream areas, with due consideration to potential functional requirements; and rational use of water body itself. Net capacity and environmental capacity; Consider the combination of land industrial rational layout; Consider the impact on underground drinking water sources; Practical and feasible, easy to manage.

Functional zoning method: according to the principle of adapting measures to local conditions and seeking truth from facts, according to actual measurement, empirical analysis and administrative decision-making.
Controlling pollution and protecting water sources according to functional areas.

(i) The level of protection shall be defined according to the functions of the waters and the requirements for water pollution control shall be put forward. For example, special protected waters refer to the first and second categories of national Surface Water Environmental Quality Standards (GB3838-2002). No new sewage outlets shall be built for such waters. Existing sewage discharge units shall be strictly controlled by local environmental departments in order to ensure that the water quality of accepted waters meets the water quality standards for specified purposes; and key protected waters shall be protected. It refers to the third class waters stipulated by GB3838-2002, and the first class discharge standards stipulated in the Comprehensive Sewage Discharge Standard (GB8978-1996) are applied to the sewage discharged into the waters.
(ii) The total amount control shall be implemented according to the functional areas. The so-called total amount control refers to the maximum allowable emission of some kind of pollution in order to maintain the environmental target value of an environmental functional area. Therefore, water environmental functional zoning is the basis for implementing total water pollution control.
Formulating comprehensive prevention and control plan of water pollution

Main contents and working steps

(i) Based on the investigation and evaluation of water environment, the main problems of water environment are analyzed and determined.
(ii) Division of water pollution control units. According to the analysis conclusion of water environment problems, considering the administrative division, water area characteristics and pollution source distribution characteristics, the source area and receiving water area are divided into water pollution control units.
(iii) Put forward environmental objectives and demonstrate accessibility. At the Fourth Session of the National People’s Congress, the strategic goal of environmental protection across the century was clearly put forward, which is the basis for the goal of comprehensive prevention and control of water pollution. Environmental objectives should include the total amount control objectives of major pollutants and the specific objectives of various sub-items of comprehensive water environment improvement. It is necessary to demonstrate the accessibility of environmental objectives.
(iv) Determine the amount of major pollutant reduction and the proportion of reduction allocation.
(v) To formulate a comprehensive water pollution prevention and control plan and implementation plan.
(vi) Support and guarantee for the implementation of the plan. Including: analysis of sources of funds, formulation of annual plans, implementation of pollutant discharge declaration and registration and pollutant discharge permit system proposals, as well as the necessary technical support.
Several principles that must be adhered to in formulating comprehensive water pollution prevention and control plan
(i) Focusing on economic construction is conducive to the coordinated development of economy and environment.
(ii) Take rational development and utilization of water resources as the core, focusing on the whole process control. By changing the mode of economic growth and promoting cleaner production, pollution can be eliminated in the process of economic reproduction.
(iii) Overall planning, highlighting key points, adapting measures to local conditions and stressing practical results.
(iv) adhering to the principle of comprehensive improvement. Systematic analysis of the planning scheme is needed to achieve overall optimization.

Emission permit system, transition from concentration control to total quantity control

Practice has proved that in carrying out this system, we must follow the following five requirements in the light of China’s current technological level and management system.
(1) Determine the total amount control target from the actual point of view. When it is difficult to determine the environmental capacity of the receiving water body for discharging pollutants, according to the principle of the total amount control plan put forward by the State Environmental Protection Administration in December 1995, the total amount of discharged major water pollutants in 1995 can be regarded as the target total amount, and the proportion of reduction can be determined according to the actual technical and economic level of the region, and allocated to the main body. Pollution sources.
(2) Choose the target of issuing certificates. The main target of issuing permits is the large polluters in the region. A city can catch more than a dozen or dozens of households. It is necessary to select the key control points through investigation and evaluation of pollution sources. For example, Anyang City put forward that we should do a good job of 2, 5 and 8, and control 8 and 9, that is, we should catch 20, 50 and 80 large polluters in batches, and control 70%, 80% and 90% of the city’s water pollution load.

  • Control the total amount of sewage. Measure according to local conditions and control the total amount of sewage.
  • Strengthen environmental supervision and management after issuance of certificates.
  • Pay attention to practical experience and constantly improve the level. In order to implement the sewage discharge permit system, we should first carry out pilot projects, sum up experience and gradually popularize it.
  • But we should also pay attention to the new problems in the process of implementation, such as the paid transfer of pollutant discharge indicators and the trading of pollutant discharge rights.
  • Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Water Pollution in Township Enterprises
  • The discharge of industrial wastewater from township enterprises was only 3.9 billion tons in 1997.
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Biocar


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Brief Introduction

Biotechnology is a well-known term. The National Science and Technology Commission defines biotechnology as “biotechnology contains a series of technologies that can produce the products we need from organisms or cells, including gene recombination, cell fusion and some biological manufacturing processes.”

In fact, human beings have a long history of using organisms or cells to produce the products we need, such as tillage 10,000 years ago, animal husbandry to provide a stable source of food, fermentation technology to brew wine and make bread 6,000 years ago, fungus to treat wounds 2,000 years ago, and use in 1797. Smallpox vaccine, the discovery of antibiotic penicillin in 1928, etc.

Since human beings have been using biotechnology for so long, why has biotechnology suddenly attracted widespread attention since 1990? This is because since the 1950s, the scientific community has had a better understanding of the cells that constitute the smallest unit of organisms and the genes that control the genetic characteristics of cells, as well as the development of gene recombination and cell fusion techniques in the 1970s. Since these two technologies can enable cells or organisms to produce the substances we need more effectively, and contribute to industrial or agricultural production, a new biotechnology industry has been created since the 1980s.

Bill Gates said in 1996 that “biotechnology will change the world like computer software”. Modern biotechnology industry has been developing since 1980, and its applications include pharmaceuticals, agriculture, environmental protection, food processing, special chemicals and other industries. In the field of biomedical pharmaceuticals, 155 biotechnology drugs or vaccines have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration of the United States and used to treat diabetes, heart disease, cancer, AIDS and other diseases. In agriculture, genetic recombinant plants such as papaya, tomato, maize and soybean have been listed. These plants are characterized by strong resistance to pests and diseases, and can reduce the use of chemical pesticides.

Development History

The progress of human civilization is from the collecting society of early fishery hunting life to the agricultural society dominated by farming and animal husbandry, and then to the modern industrial society. Because of the increasing population and the over-exploitation of industrial land, the area of agricultural cultivated land has been reduced. In addition, the generation of greenhouse effect has also accelerated the extinction of species other than human beings, making the food problem become a very important core issue in the 21st century. With limited resources and unlimited human growth, some people have come up with the idea that if food could be increased by high technology, there would not be a day when food would be eaten up. Therefore, with the vigorous development of biotechnology, many things that could not be done before can be done today in the 21st century. Many impossible tasks can be accomplished through biotechnology, such as the use of smears or patches to influence body fat to achieve beauty and weight loss, or the use of Botox is an example of biotechnology.

Since human beings, people have tried to transform organisms. Traditionally, breeding and mating were used to acquire desired biological traits (such as sweet and tasty corn) and to reduce or eliminate undesirable traits (such as natural toxicity). On the other hand, food is a necessity for human growth, and the population has increased rapidly recently. In view of the shortage of food, so-called “artificial food” has begun to emerge. However, the biggest limitation of traditional breeding is that the mating varieties must be the same or similar. In order to break through this limitation, modern genetic engineering technology should be used scientifically to select the genes with some excellent characteristics of organisms accurately and transfer them to another species so that the new genetically modified organisms have the expected specific characteristics.

Data from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) show that in 1991, Calgene applied for genetically modified tomatoes to transfer antisense polygalacturonase (PG) gene into tomatoes, delaying the maturation and softening of tomatoes. In 1994, the company’s “Flavor” (FLAVR SAVR) tomato was the world’s first approved genetically modified food. The PG gene that promotes the ripening of soft enzymes in delicious tomatoes is inhibited, so its texture is more solid, and it can reduce the damage and deterioration during harvesting, transportation and processing, thus preserving the flavor. At present, however, commercial production of tomatoes has ceased. In 1994, there were 29 applications, including soybeans, tomatoes, corn, potatoes, cotton and melons. Monsanto is one of the big companies.

Basic Applications

In addition, in environmental protection, some toxic industrial wastes and contaminated crude oil have been decomposed by recombinant microorganisms. In food, fermentation engineering technology has been used to produce healthy foods such as lactic acid bacteria, Ganoderma lucidum and Cordyceps sinensis. In special chemicals, recombinant enzymes have been used to produce drugs or fibers. Or use it in detergents to decompose dirt. By 2001, there were about 1500 biotechnology companies worldwide, with an annual output value of $30 billion.

The technology of gene recombination and cell fusion is the cornerstone of modern biotechnology. In recent years, many new technologies and new applications have been developed on this basis. For example, protein engineering technology can be used to improve the structure and activity of proteins, and Bionanotechnology can be used to manufacture biosensors, biochips and drugs. Transport systems, tissue engineering technology can use stem cells to repair damaged organs, and animal replication technology can use nuclear transfer to replicate animals, etc.

The development of biotechnology aims at curing diseases, improving the quality of life, providing food that is not scarce and protecting our living environment. However, if not strictly monitored during the development of biotechnology, it may cause harm to human beings or the ecosystem of the earth. Attention should also be paid to its impact on humanity, morality or ecology.

As the application of biotechnology is very extensive and closely related to our daily life, there are often related reports in general newspapers and magazines or news media, so understanding new knowledge of biotechnology should be included in our regular study.

The task of biotechnology is to explore the mystery of life and master the law of life movement.

  • Genetically modified products
  • Genetically modified food
  • brief introduction

The application of science and technology brings convenience, but also brings unknown fears. When the technology of gene recombination is widely used in the development of biology, medicine, agriculture and industry, and may even enter more fields in the future, which deeply affects our lives, we seem to realize that this is an irresistible trend. Therefore, it is more correct to have a positive understanding of genetically modified foods, to think rationally about acceptability, and to leave the right of choice to everyone.

The so-called “genetic modification” refers to the selection of specific genes for individual traits of organisms and the alteration of their genome composition and expression. Scientists use different biotechnologies, such as restriction enzymes, to make target gene fragments, then connect DNA fragments to “vector” DNA molecules, and then transfer vectors to target chromosomes. This process is a kind of genetic engineering.

Different from the traditional breeding method, the transfer of traits is limited to individuals of the same species or similar provenances. Modern genetic engineering technology has broken through the traditional pattern of breeding. It can insert foreign genes from different provenances into plants in a “man-made” way. In addition, genes can even be derived from microorganisms or animals. Body. For example, insecticidal crystalline toxin gene (cry-gene) from Bacillus thuringiensis was implanted into maize, which can also synthesize insecticidal toxin protein produced by cry gene. Therefore, it has insect-resistant characteristics. This maize with cry gene implanted artificially can be called a GMO.

Basic Classification

GMO (genetically modified organism) can generally be divided into three categories, namely:

Genetically modified microorganisms (and their products): including microorganisms that can be used as fermented food or as food additives such as enzymes, aminoacids, organic acids, vitamins, pigments and spices.

Genetically modified crops (and their processed products): This is the fastest growing area in GMOs. Transgenic crops such as soybeans, maize, tomatoes and potatoes have been introduced.

Transgenic animals (and their processed products): Salmon transfected with growth hormone gene, but most of them are at the research stage.

Modification

Genetically modified foods (GMF = GM foods), also known as genetically modified foods, are processed by GMO. Therefore, all foods derived from genetic recombination technology are called genetically modified foods. How does genetically modified food come into being?

Generally speaking, there are two main ways to implant functional foreign genes into plants. For dicotyledons such as soybeans, tomatoes and cotton, gene transfer is usually achieved by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Agrobacterium crown can naturally (i.e. without any artificial treatment) infect a wide variety of plants by inserting a segment of its own DNA directly into the DNA of infected plants, so long as the oncogene in Agrobacterium crown DNA is removed, and the foreign gene to be inserted into the stem of Agrobacterium crown. Bacteria infect plants so that additional genes can be transferred to the DNA of infected dicotyledons. Cells containing additional genes in infected plants can be further screened out, and cell culture techniques can be used to produce complete plants containing additional genes. As far as monocotyledons (e.g. maize, wheat and rice) are concerned, Agrobacterium crown is not very effective in infecting them. Generally, the foreign genes to be implanted are coated on tungsten balls, and then the tungsten balls coated with foreign genes are physically introduced into plant cells, some of which have foreign bases. As part of plant DNA, these plant cells containing foreign genes can be screened out and cultured into complete beads because they fall off from the surface of tungsten particles. In addition to Agrobacterium coronatum, plant viruses are often used as vectors, but not all plant viruses have the function of vectors unless the virus can be dispersed between cells via plasmodesmata, and foreign genes must be replicated and the modified viral nucleic acid can infect plant cells. It does not cause symptoms, and the virus must be widely parasitic. Generally speaking, DNA is the main target of gene transfer. RNA-containing viruses are considered only when viruses using DNA are not effective. It is preferable for plant viruses to contain DNA rather than RNA as vectors. However, only caulimo virus and Gemini virus are known to contain DNA, among which caulimo virus and Gemini virus are used. The latter is widely favored by researchers because it can infect dicotyledons and monocotyledons and has a wide range of hosts.

Controversy over genetically modified foods

Generalization

In recent years, biotechnology has been gradually applied to food production, so the derivatives of genetically modified foods have also been listed on the market. There are still many controversies about the impact of genetically modified food on human body, which requires long-term and extensive research. In order to understand the public’s knowledge and attitude towards genetically modified foods, the Department commissioned a survey on “the public’s knowledge and attitude towards biotechnology and genetically modified foods” by private companies. It is hoped to understand the public’s attitude towards genetically modified foods and their views on labeling policies, which will serve as a reference for future government to formulate relevant laws and regulations. According to.

Environmental hazards

Threats to the environment include:

(1) threats to non-target organisms and beneficial insects;

(2) reduction of biodiversity;

(3) gene drift and genetic pollution.

Influence

The main economic impacts are as follows:

Loss in the market

Although the crop itself will not move, food made from it can be sold everywhere, which also arouses many people’s concerns about genetically modified crops. In 2000, Nature magazine reported that Star Link Corn, an unauthorized genetically modified maize for human consumption, had flowed into Japan’s food distribution network. Star corn is not allowed to be eaten by humans in Japan, although it can be used as feed in the United States, mainly because it contains an insecticidal toxin called Cry9C, which is thought by scientists to cause allergic reactions after being eaten. In the past, about one third of the maize exported by the United States was exported to Japan, while the European Union purchased about 40% of the soybean exported by the United States. Consumers in these areas have doubts about the food safety of genetically modified maize or soybean, which will pose a great threat to future exports of the United States.

Cereal contamination

For farmers growing organic crops, if they are cross-pollinated or mixed with genetically modified crops, they will suffer serious marketing problems due to poor quality, especially maize and sugar beet, which are cross-pollination plants. In this way, farmers who produce organic agricultural products will have to temporarily withdraw from the organic product market, and their income will drop sharply before they get organic certification again.

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Bio Engine Composting


Bio Engine Composting

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Decomposition Technology of Raw Chicken Manure Composting

Can chicken manure be used as organic fertilizer if it is not ripe? Chinese style
Answer: No.
1. Not only chicken manure, but also human manure contains a lot of pathogens, eggs and parasites. Unripe manure can not be directly applied to crops.
2. Chicken manure will dissipate most of the heat in the process of ripening. If it is not fertilized directly, it will cause burning roots and seedlings of plants.
3. Nitrogen fertilizer in chicken manure originally existed in the form of protein. Plants could not use protein directly. Only when protein was decomposed into ammonia after fermentation, can they be used by plants.

How to decompose chicken manure?

Chicken manure must be fully decomposed before it is applied. The parasites and eggs in chicken manure, as well as some infectious pathogens, are inactivated through the decomposition process. Because chicken manure produces high temperature in the process of decomposition, it is easy to cause nitrogen loss. Therefore, it is better to add water and 5% calcium superphosphate before chicken manure is decomposed. Chicken manure has become a good base fertilizer for crop cultivation after full maturation. It can be used for all kinds of flowers, seedlings, crops and fruit trees.


The traditional method is to compost chicken manure for fermentation and maturation, which usually takes 3-4 months to mature. Nowadays, through the rapid biological decomposition technology of Nongshengle chicken manure, the decomposition rate can be 10-20 times faster than the traditional method by aerobic fermentation, and the protein and other substances of chicken manure can be converted into more easily absorbed elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. After complete decomposition, chicken manure can hardly smell odor. Fermentation of chicken manure with Nongshengle Fecal Fermentation Fermentation Fermentation Fermentation Fermentation Fermentation has the advantages of low dosage, good effect and fast speed. Generally, chicken manure can be completely decomposed in 7-15 days. If the fermentation material is pure chicken manure, under normal conditions, the C/N ratio is generally less than 20, it should be added with appropriate amount of straw, sawdust and other materials with high C/N ratio. Straw can be added as much as chicken manure to mediate the C/N ratio, and because compost fermentation is aerobic fermentation, straw can enhance the looseness and permeability of chicken manure, which is more conducive to fermentation.


Note: It is recommended to use rice, corn, wheat, sawdust and other plant straw with larger carbon and nitrogen content, and to avoid using straw with smaller carbon and nitrogen content, such as beans. Chinese style

Method of decomposition of chicken manure: Before fermentation, mix all kinds of materials evenly and reserve them. During fermentation, the manure starter of Nongshengle was diluted and mixed with chicken manure mixture at the ratio of 1:200. Then it could be accumulated and fermented. The fermentation process is dumped 1-2 times, and the decomposition can be completed in 7-15 days according to the season.
Knowledge of organic fertilizer clinker: The ratio of total carbon content to total nitrogen content in organic matter is called carbon-nitrogen ratio, and their ratio is called carbon-nitrogen ratio.

C/N ratio of common plants:

  • In general, the C/N ratios of gramineous crop stalks such as rice stalks, corn stalks and weeds are very high, reaching 60-100:1.
  • The C/N ratio of leguminous crop stalks is relatively small, such as the C/N ratio of general leguminous green manure is 15-20:1.

Effects of different C/N ratios on Composting

The decomposition and mineralization of organic matter with high C/N ratio is difficult or slow. The reason is that when microorganisms decompose organic matter, they need to assimilate about one part of nitrogen to form their own cell body when they assimilate five parts of carbon, because the carbon-nitrogen ratio of microorganisms is about 5:1. In order to assimilate (absorb and utilize) one portion of carbon, four portions of organic carbon are needed to obtain energy, so 25 portions of organic carbon are needed for microorganisms to absorb and utilize one portion of nitrogen. That is to say, the ratio of carbon to nitrogen of microorganism decomposition of organic matter is 25:1. If the ratio of carbon to nitrogen is too large, the decomposition of microorganisms will be slow and the available nitrogen in soil will be consumed. Therefore, when applying organic fertilizers (such as rice straw) with high C/N ratio or composting materials with high C/N ratio, more N-containing fertilizers should be added to regulate C/N ratio. On the contrary, there are too many nitrogen elements in chicken manure, so more carbon elements such as straw should be added. Chinese style

How to reduce the use cost of chicken manure ripening agent:

In order to reduce the use cost of chicken manure ripening agent, the manure fermentation strain (original strain) was developed and manufactured. Users could use the manure fermentation strain to cultivate the fermentation agent by themselves, which could reduce the cost by 10 times. Chinese style

Benefits of Feed Fermentation

  • Increase feed utilization rate and reduce feeding cost;
  • Detoxification and detoxification, improve palatability and intake;
  • Improving animal immunity and reducing fecal discharge;
  • Enhance meat quality and flavor to make meat delicious.
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Learn How To Compost


Ways to Make Composts

How to Compost

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The Method of Making Compost Fertilizer from Straw

  1. Method of composting:
  2. Site selection Fertilizer-making site should be located in the leeward sunward area with flat terrain and close to the water source, which can be made in the open air all the year round. A kind of
  3. Material preparation (Take 1 ton of dry straw as an example)

(1) 1000 kg of crop straw.

(2) 20 kg corn flour or wheat bran or rice bran, and 5-10 kg urea can be added if conditions permit.

(3) Bacillus Yikang compost fermentation strain 400g (two bags of this product).

Production method

(1) The length of straw (e.g. corn straw) should be 1-3 centimeters when it is crushed or cut by a hay cutter (wheat straw, rice straw, leaves, weeds, peanut seedlings, bean straw, etc.) can be fermented directly, but the fermentation effect is better after crushing.

(2) Water the crushed or cut straw with water to wet and permeate, and the moisture content of straw is generally controlled at about 60%.

(3) Mix 20 kilograms of corn flour (or wheat bran or rice bran) with 400 grams of bacteria. Sprinkle corn flour (or wheat bran or rice bran) mixed with bacteria evenly on the surface of straw irrigated with water by hand. Use spade and other tools to turn over and mix, stack into long strips of 2 meters wide, 1.5 meters high and unlimited length, and cover them tightly with plastic cloth.

Decay process

(1) Warming up stage: from room temperature to 45 C, generally only one day, at this time can turn over the stack.

(2) In the future, when the heap temperature reaches above 60 C, it needs to be turned over, and the basic state of decomposition can be reached in 15-20 days, and the fertilizer can be applied directly. Maturity mark straw turns brown or black-brown, soft and elastic when wet, brittle and fragile when dry.

Application Method

(1) Straw fertilizer is generally used as base fertilizer and can be applied wetly. Soil should be covered for topdressing. Semi-decomposed fertilizer is applied to crops with longer growth period, straw fertilizer with higher maturity is applied to crops such as melons, fruits and vegetables with shorter growth period, semi-decomposed fertilizer is used in sandy soil, and fertilizer with higher maturity is best applied to clay soil.

(2) Straw fertilizer is rich in organic matter, balanced nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and contains various trace elements. It is a suitable fertilizer for all kinds of crops and soils. It has remarkable effects on improving crop quality and increasing yield. A kind of

Note: It is suggested that 20-30% livestock and poultry manure or other organic substances should be properly added in composting, so that the fertilizer efficiency is better and more comprehensive.

(3)Rapid Fermentation of Straw Returning to Field:

Quick Returning Technology: Digging Trough – Stacking Straw – Adding Bacteria and Yikang – Sealing

1) Digging trough: Digging a low trough 1.5-2 m wide and 0.3 m deep in idle fields such as fields and courtyards, the length of which can be determined according to the amount of straw. _

2) Stacking straw: According to the standard of 60% moisture content of straw (i.e. holding the water in groups and keeping the watermarking by hand without dripping, it is appropriate to lay down and disperse), so that the straw can absorb enough moisture and accumulate straw in the tank.

3) Adding organic fertilizer starter: first, add 1 bag (200g) of Bacteria Yikang to dilute 20 kg corn flour or rice bran or wheat bran (1000 kg straw material), then stack straw while adding animal manure or urea to adjust C/N ratio and evenly sprinkle corn flour with Bacteria Yikang. Or rice bran or wheat bran.

4) Sealing: When the pile is about 1:5 meters high, photograph it and seal it with clay or plastic film. About 15 days in summer and 40 days in winter can be fertilized and returned to the field.

 

Quick in-situ Returning Technology of Straw Returning to the Field: Straw Crushing-Adding Bacteria Yikang and Feces-Sealing-Tillage-Tillage

1) Straw crushing: The straw is crushed into small segments of about 3-4 cm with a crusher.

2) Add Bacteria Yikang: first, add 2 bags of Bacteria Yikang (400 grams) into 40 kg corn flour or rice bran, wheat bran dilution; decomposed feces and urine 300 kg; all kinds of straw 700 kg. Mix the above materials well, then add water, adjust the moisture content of straw to about 60%, accumulate in the earth and compact slightly. A kind of

3) Sealing: After accumulating the material, the material is sealed with mud. A kind of

4) Tillage: Sprinkle the rotten straw evenly on the ground, and immediately carry out deep tillage, raking and further maturation of the straw.

Rapid Decomposition and Return of Rice Straw to Field Technology Harvesting Fertilizing Adding Green Seedlings to Strengthen Throwing Seedlings

1) Harvesting: one is to keep high stubble harvested, tail grass left in the field, 100% straw returned to the field; the other is low stubble harvested, after threshing also returned to the field in full.

2) Fertilization: Planned application of organic and inorganic fertilizers in the field.

3) Bacterial Yikang: According to 1000 kg of straw, add 500 grams of Bacterial Yikang, evenly sprinkle in the field. When applied, the water layer in the field was 2-3 cm.

4) Seedling throwing: After applying Bacillus Yikang, the farmland can be thrown for one day. When throwing rice seedlings, the surface of the field should maintain a certain water layer. The water layer of the high stubble paddy field and straw strip mulch is shallow, 2-3 cm. The paddy field covered with straw is deep, about 5 cm. Submerged straw is the standard to ensure the contact between seedling roots and water.

Technical Operating Points

1) Adequate moisture: straw must absorb enough water, the moisture content is generally controlled at about 60%. A kind of

2) Adjust the appropriate C/N: Add appropriate amount of animal manure or nitrogen fertilizer to regulate the C/N of the compost.

3) Blend material: Bacteria Yikang added should be evenly sprinkled in straw, or stirred evenly with utensils.

4) Ventilation: Microorganisms ferment faster under aerobic conditions, and the condition of ventilation will directly affect the stalk maturation rate. So don’t step on it when stacking, in order to facilitate ventilation. After stacking, it is sealed with mud mixed with straw. When the temperature in the stack exceeds 65 degrees, ventilation or dump should be adopted.

5) Sealing: When stacking, the surrounding and top of the reactor should be sealed to prevent water evaporation and nutrient loss.

6) Warming up: When composting straw in winter or cold area, plastic film is added to the compost to increase the temperature. Fourth, attention should be paid to the sufficient moisture content of materials for stacking and composting, the uniform mixing, sealing, heat preservation and water retention, so as to ensure that straw is quickly matured and accumulated without stepping on it, and take a slight photo.

Last, the suitable area, all kinds of straw crops can be treated by straw composting and returning technology after harvesting.

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